duminică, 26 aprilie 2009

Despre gripa porcina (26.04.2009)

Vaccinul impotriva gripei sezoniere umane nu protejeaza impotriva gripei porcine, care se transmite in general de la om la om sau prin contact direct cu animalele, insa consumul de carne de porc nu duce la imbolnavire, relateaza AFP

Ce este gripa porcina?
O maladie respiratorie, specifica porcilor din crescatorii, un virus gripal de tip A. Se poate raspandi rapid.

Este transmisibila la om?
Gripa porcina trece ocazional la om, in general la persoane care vin in contact cu aceste animale.

Se poate face gripa porcina daca se consuma carne de porc?

Nu, potrivit Ministerului francez al Agriculturii. Gripa de origine porcina din Mexic nu se transmite mancand carne de porc, ci pe cale aeriana, de la om la om. Temperatura de preparare a carnii (71 de grade Celsius) distruge virusurile si bacteriile, precizeaza Centrul american pentru controlul bolilor (CDC).

Este posibila transmiterea interumana a bolii?

Exista cazuri de transmitere de la om la om. In Statele Unite, au fost inregistrate doua decese, in 1976 si 1988. CDC a raportat la 17 aprilie doua cazuri la copii de 9 si 10 ani, care nu intrasera in contact cu porci.

Este vorba despre un nou tip de gripa porcina?
Ca si la oameni, virusurile gripei se transforma continuu si la porc, sau porcii au, in caile lor respiratorii, receptori sensibili la virusuri gripale porcine, umane si aviare. Porcii sunt niste "creuzete" care favorizeaza aparitia de noi tipuri gripale prin intermediul recombinarilor genetice, in cazul unor contaminari simultane. Astfel de virusuri hibride pot favoriza aparitia unui nou virus al gripei, virulent precum gripa aviara, dar transmisibil ca o gripa umana. Acest tip de virus, necunoscut sistemului imunitar uman, ar putea avea caracteristicile necesare pentru a declansa o pandemie de gripa.

Care sunt tarile vizate deocamdata?
In afara de Mexic (unde a determinat zeci de decese) si Statele Unite (opt imbolnaviri), autoritatile din Peru, Chile si Costa Rica au activat planuri de vigilenta sanitara. In Canada, nu a fost inregistrat niciun caz, dar ministrul canadian al sanatatii, Leona Aglukkaq, a cerut mai multa vigilenta canadienilor, pentru a evita propagarea epidemiei. Franta a instituit un centru de criza pentru a urmari evolutia situatiei sanitare din Mexic. Parisul a precizat sambata ca "Franta nu importa porci vii, nici carne de porc din Mexic", in timp ce Spania i-a indemnat pe cei care vor sa mearga in Mexic sa fie prudenti.

Exista un vaccin impotriva acestei boli?
Da, pentru porci. Da si nu pentru om. Potrivit autoritatilor mexicane, care citeaza OMS, vaccinul corespunde inca unei tulpini precedente a virusului, cea ce il face mai putin eficient. Insa productia vaccinului este posibila in masura in care virusul este identificat, dar necesita "un pic de timp", spune OMS. In asteptarea vaccinului, Tamiflu, medicament pe baza de oseltamivir, folosit impotriva gripei aviare, este eficient pentru acest virus, potrivit organizatiei. Vaccinul impotriva gripei sezoniere umane nu protejeaza impotriva gripei porcine.

De ce OMS a simtit nevoia sa traga un semnal de alarma?
Pentru ca sunt cazuri umane asociate cu un virus gripal animal, dar si din cauza ariei geografice extinse in care s-au inregistrat diferite focare de infectie, precum si a varstei neobisnuite (25-45 de ani) a grupurilor de oameni atinse.
http://www.9am.ro/stiri-revista-presei/Social/128801/Gripa-porcina-nu-se-transmite-la-om-prin-consumul-de-carne.html

continuare

Questions and answers about swine fluMexico is contending with an outbreak of swine flu, suspected in the deaths of dozens of people and sickening perhaps 1,000. In the United States, at least eight cases have been confirmed with the infection, all of them in California and Texas; only one person was hospitalized. Here are some questions and answers about the illness:

Q. What is swine flu?
A. Swine flu is a respiratory illness in pigs caused by a virus. The swine flu virus routinely causes outbreaks in pigs but doesn't usually kill many of them.

Q. Can people get swine flu?
A. Swine flu viruses don't usually infect humans. There have been occasional cases, usually among people who've had direct contact with infected pigs, such as farm workers. "We've seen swine influenza in humans over the past several years, and in most cases, it's come from direct pig contact. This seems to be different," said Dr. Arnold Monto, a flu expert with the University of Michigan.

Q. Can it spread among humans?
A. There have been cases of the virus spreading from human to human, probably in the same way as seasonal flu, through coughing and sneezing by infected people.

Q. What are the symptoms of swine flu?
A. The symptoms are similar to those of regular flu — fever, cough, fatigue, lack of appetite.

Q. Is the same swine flu virus making people sick in Mexico and the U.S.?
A. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said the Mexican virus samples match the U.S. virus. The virus is a mix of human virus, bird virus from North America and pig viruses from North America, Europe and Asia.

Q. Are there drugs to treat swine flu in humans?
A. There are four different drugs approved in the U.S. to treat the flu, but the new virus has shown resistance to the two oldest. The CDC recommends the use of the flu drugs Tamiflu and Relenza.

Q. Does a regular flu shot protect against swine flu?
A. The seasonal flu vaccine used in the U.S. this year won't likely provide protection against the latest swine flu virus. There is a swine flu vaccine for pigs but not for humans.

Q. Should residents of California or Texas do anything special?
A. The CDC recommends routine precautions to prevent the spread of infectious diseases: wash your hands often, cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze, avoid close contact with sick people. If you are sick, stay at home and limit contact with others.

Q. What about traveling to Mexico?
A. The CDC has not warned Americans against traveling to Mexico but advises that they be aware of the illnesses there and take precautions to protect against infections, like washing their hands. ___ Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/med_swine_flu_q_a

Vaccinul impotriva gripei sezoniere umane nu protejeaza impotriva gripei porcine, care se transmite in general de la om la om sau prin contact direct cu animalele, insa consumul de carne de porc nu duce la imbolnavire, relateaza AFP

Ce este gripa porcina?
O maladie respiratorie, specifica porcilor din crescatorii, un virus gripal de tip A. Se poate raspandi rapid.

Este transmisibila la om?
Gripa porcina trece ocazional la om, in general la persoane care vin in contact cu aceste animale.

Se poate face gripa porcina daca se consuma carne de porc?
Nu, potrivit Ministerului francez al Agriculturii. Gripa de origine porcina din Mexic nu se transmite mancand carne de porc, ci pe cale aeriana, de la om la om. Temperatura de preparare a carnii (71 de grade Celsius) distruge virusurile si bacteriile, precizeaza Centrul american pentru controlul bolilor (CDC).

Este posibila transmiterea interumana a bolii?
Exista cazuri de transmitere de la om la om. In Statele Unite, au fost inregistrate doua decese, in 1976 si 1988. CDC a raportat la 17 aprilie doua cazuri la copii de 9 si 10 ani, care nu intrasera in contact cu porci.Este vorba despre un nou tip de gripa porcina? Ca si la oameni, virusurile gripei se transforma continuu si la porc, sau porcii au, in caile lor respiratorii, receptori sensibili la virusuri gripale porcine, umane si aviare. Porcii sunt niste "creuzete" care favorizeaza aparitia de noi tipuri gripale prin intermediul recombinarilor genetice, in cazul unor contaminari simultane. Astfel de virusuri hibride pot favoriza aparitia unui nou virus al gripei, virulent precum gripa aviara, dar transmisibil ca o gripa umana. Acest tip de virus, necunoscut sistemului imunitar uman, ar putea avea caracteristicile necesare pentru a declansa o pandemie de gripa.

Care sunt tarile vizate deocamdata?
In afara de Mexic (unde a determinat zeci de decese) si Statele Unite (opt imbolnaviri), autoritatile din Peru, Chile si Costa Rica au activat planuri de vigilenta sanitara. In Canada, nu a fost inregistrat niciun caz, dar ministrul canadian al sanatatii, Leona Aglukkaq, a cerut mai multa vigilenta canadienilor, pentru a evita propagarea epidemiei. Franta a instituit un centru de criza pentru a urmari evolutia situatiei sanitare din Mexic. Parisul a precizat sambata ca "Franta nu importa porci vii, nici carne de porc din Mexic", in timp ce Spania i-a indemnat pe cei care vor sa mearga in Mexic sa fie prudenti.

Exista un vaccin impotriva acestei boli?
Da, pentru porci. Da si nu pentru om. Potrivit autoritatilor mexicane, care citeaza OMS, vaccinul corespunde inca unei tulpini precedente a virusului, cea ce il face mai putin eficient. Insa productia vaccinului este posibila in masura in care virusul este identificat, dar necesita "un pic de timp", spune OMS. In asteptarea vaccinului, Tamiflu, medicament pe baza de oseltamivir, folosit impotriva gripei aviare, este eficient pentru acest virus, potrivit organizatiei. Vaccinul impotriva gripei sezoniere umane nu protejeaza impotriva gripei porcine.

De ce OMS a simtit nevoia sa traga un semnal de alarma?
Pentru ca sunt cazuri umane asociate cu un virus gripal animal, dar si din cauza ariei geografice extinse in care s-au inregistrat diferite focare de infectie, precum si a varstei neobisnuite (25-45 de ani) a grupurilor de oameni atinse.http://www.9am.ro/stiri-revista-presei/Social/128801/Gripa-porcina-nu-se-transmite-la-om-prin-consumul-de-carne.html

US declares public health emergency for swine flu
(seara 26.04.2009)

WASHINGTON – The U.S. declared a public health emergency Sunday to deal with the emerging new swine flu, much like the government does to prepare for approaching hurricanes.Officials reported 20 U.S. cases of swine flu in five states so far, with the latest in Ohio and New York. Unlike in Mexico where the same strain appears to be killing dozens of people, cases in the United State have been mild — and U.S. health authorities can't yet explain why."As we continue to look for cases, we are going to see a broader spectrum of disease," predicted Dr. Richard Besser, acting chief of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "We're going to see more severe disease in this country."At a White House news conference, Besser and Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano sought to assure Americans that health officials are taking all appropriate steps to minimize the impact of the outbreak.Top among those is declaring the public health emergency. As part of that, Napolitano said roughly 12 million doses of the drug Tamiflu will be moved from a federal stockpile to places where states can quickly get their share if they decide they need it. Priority will be given to the five states with known cases so far: California, Texas, New York, Ohio and Kansas.Napolitano called the emergency declaration standard operating procedure — one was declared recently for the inauguration and for flooding. She urged people to think of it as a "declaration of emergency preparedness.""Really that's what we're doing right now. We're preparing in an environment where we really don't know ultimately what the size of seriousness of this outbreak is going to be."http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_swine_flu_emergency

1 comentarii:

criss spunea...

sa speram ca trece si asta...cum a trecut aviara...
pupiciii